Antifreeze proteins (AFP) are responsible for the survival of several species, ranging from bacteria to fish, that encounter subzero temperatures in their living environment. AFPs have been divided into two main families, moderately and hyperactive, depending...
A natural bond orbital analysis of the distonic bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2-ene-5-yl-7-ylium radical cation interprets its structure and radical character by a three-center two-electron bond between C2, C3, and C7 (a bishomoaromatic stabilization) and a singly...
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Diamonds may be forever, but are some other forms of carbon merely passing fads? Stuart Cantrill considers why carbon often seems to be a chemist's best friend.
Smart phones and tablets have revolutionized how we communicate, access and use information, work, travel, play and learn. Chemistry education and the field of chemistry have not surprisingly been positively impacted by this technologyâ¦
It is recognized widely that enzymes promote reactions by providing a pathway that proceeds through a transition state of lower energy. In principle, further rate enhancements could be achieved if intermediates are prevented from relaxing to their lowest...
Developing cleaner chemical processes often involves sophisticated flow-chemistry equipment that is not available in many economically developing countries. For reactions where it is the data that are important rather than the physical product, the networking...
A classic calcium aluminate has been modified to create an inorganic electride that can be used as a promoter of the catalytic synthesis of ammonia.
Ironâsulfur clusters are common cofactors in biological systems and are involved in a range of functions, including electron transfer, substrate binding and activation. These clusters are usually ligated by the cysteine residues of a protein, but there are...
There has been only one example reported so far of a terminal phosphorus monoxide complex. The chemistry of this functional group, therefore, is unexplored compared with others containing main-group elements.
With the intention of improving synthetic efficiency, organic chemists have turned to bioinspired organocascade or domino processes that generate multiple bonds and stereocentres in a single operation. However, despite the great importance of substituted...
With energy swiftly rising to the top of the world's agenda, Harry B. Gray at the California Institute of Technology looks at how chemistry can help to harness the power of the Sun to meet the world's energy needs.
Large Ï-conjugated molecules, when in contact with a metal surface, usually retain a finite electronic gap and, in this sense, stay semiconducting. In some cases, however, the metallic character of the underlying substrate is seen to extend onto the first...
The interaction between a viral capsid and its genome governs crucial steps in the life cycle of a virus, such as assembly and genome uncoating. Tuning cargoâcapsid interactions is also essential for successful design and cargo delivery in engineered viral...
Bryostatin is a unique lead in the development of potentially transformative therapies for cancer, Alzheimer's disease and the eradication of HIV/AIDS. However, the clinical use of bryostatin has been hampered by its limited supply, difficulties in accessing...
The unusual electronic properties of graphene have generated great interest in research into other two-dimensional materials. Furthermore, introducing pores with controlled size and distribution could be a way of tuning these electronic properties.